PHP
PHP中的比较符
php是一种弱类型语言,对数据的类型要求并不严格,可以让数据类型互相转换。
在php中有两种比较符号: 一种是 弱等于,另外一种是 强等于,都是用来比较两个数值是否相等的操作符,但他们也是有区别的:
弱等于
在比较前会先把两种字符串类型转成相同的再进行比较。简单的说,它不会比较变量类型,只比较值。
==
:等于比较符号。用于比较两个值是否相等,不考虑数据类型。
!=
或 <>
:不等于比较符号。用于比较两个值是否不相等,不考虑数据类型。
<
:小于比较符号。用于比较两个值的大小,如果左侧的值小于右侧的值,则条件为真。
>
:大于比较符号。用于比较两个值的大小,如果左侧的值大于右侧的值,则条件为真。
<=
:小于等于比较符号。用于比较两个值的大小,如果左侧的值小于或等于右侧的值,则条件为真。
>=
:大于等于比较符号。用于比较两个值的大小,如果左侧的值大于或等于右侧的值,则条件为真。
强等于
在比较前会先判断两种字符串类型是否相同再进行比较,如果类型不同直接返回不相等。既比较值也比较类型。
===
:全等比较符号。用于比较两个值是否相等,并且数据类型也相同。
!==
:不全等比较符号。用于比较两个值是否不相等,或者数据类型不相同。
弱等于转化规则规则
1.若一个数字和一个字符串进行比较或者进行运算时,PHP会把字符串转换成数字再进行比较。当字符串被当作一个数值来处理时,如果该字符串没有包含’.
’,‘e
’,’E
’并且其数值在整形的范围之内,该字符串作为int来取值,其他所有情况下都被作为float来取值,并且字符串开始部分决定它的取值,开始部分为数字(最开头的部分),则其值就是开始的数字,否则(包括后面出现数字的情况),其值为0。例如:
1 2 3 4
| 12=="12" 12=="12aa" "admin"==0 false == "" == 0 == NULL
|
2.布尔值true和任意字符串都弱相等。例如:
3.数字和“e”开头加上数字的字符串(例如”1e123”)会当作科学计数法去比较;
0e
在比较的时候会将其视作为科学计数法,所以无论0e
后面是什么,0的多少次方还是0;
绕过MD5验证
弱类型比较
0e
绕过
原理:若使用PHP的弱比较时,0e
开头的字符串在参与比较时,会被当做科学计数法,结果转换为0
例:
1
| md5('QNKCDZO') == md5(240610708)
|
MD5加密后得到
1
| 0e830400451993494058024219903391 == 0e462097431906509019562988736854
|
常用MD5加密后为0e
的字符串
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
| QNKCDZO 240610708 byGcY sonZ7y aabg7XSs aabC9RqS s878926199a s155964671a s214587387a s1091221200a
|
强类型比较
数组绕过
原理:MD5无法加密数组,使用数组虽然会报错,返回了null,null==null
使用方法
强类型绕过(MD5碰撞)
原理:使用两个数值不同但MD5值相同的字符串(以下字符串经过URL编码)
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| -------------------- c=M%C9h%FF%0E%E3%5C%20%95r%D4w%7Br%15%87%D3o%A7%B2%1B%DCV%B7J%3D%C0x%3E%7B%95%18%AF%BF%A2%02%A8%28K%F3n%8EKU%B3_Bu%93%D8Igm%A0%D1%D5%5D%83%60%FB_%07%FE%A2 d=M%C9h%FF%0E%E3%5C%20%95r%D4w%7Br%15%87%D3o%A7%B2%1B%DCV%B7J%3D%C0x%3E%7B%95%18%AF%BF%A2%00%A8%28K%F3n%8EKU%B3_Bu%93%D8Igm%A0%D1U%5D%83%60%FB_%07%FE%A2 -------------------- param1=M%C9h%FF%0E%E3%5C%20%95r%D4w%7Br%15%87%D3o%A7%B2%1B%DCV%B7J%3D%C0x%3E%7B%95%18%AF%BF%A2%00%A8%28K%F3n%8EKU%B3_Bu%93%D8Igm%A0%D1U%5D%83%60%FB_%07%FE%A2 param2=M%C9h%FF%0E%E3%5C%20%95r%D4w%7Br%15%87%D3o%A7%B2%1B%DCV%B7J%3D%C0x%3E%7B%95%18%AF%BF%A2%02%A8%28K%F3n%8EKU%B3_Bu%93%D8Igm%A0%D1%D5%5D%83%60%FB_%07%FE%A2 ------------------- Param1=%4d%c9%68%ff%0e%e3%5c%20%95%72%d4%77%7b%72%15%87%d3%6f%a7%b2%1b%dc%56%b7%4a%3d%c0%78%3e%7b%95%18%af%bf%a2%00%a8%28%4b%f3%6e%8e%4b%55%b3%5f%42%75%93%d8%49%67%6d%a0%d1%55%5d%83%60%fb%5f%07%fe%a2 Param2=%4d%c9%68%ff%0e%e3%5c%20%95%72%d4%77%7b%72%15%87%d3%6f%a7%b2%1b%dc%56%b7%4a%3d%c0%78%3e%7b%95%18%af%bf%a2%02%a8%28%4b%f3%6e%8e%4b%55%b3%5f%42%75%93%d8%49%67%6d%a0%d1%d5%5d%83%60%fb%5f%07%fe%a2 --------------------
-------------------- $s1 = %af%13%76%70%82%a0%a6%58%cb%3e%23%38%c4%c6%db%8b%60%2c%bb%90%68%a0%2d%e9%47%aa%78%49%6e%0a%c0%c0%31%d3%fb%cb%82%25%92%0d%cf%61%67%64%e8%cd%7d%47%ba%0e%5d%1b%9c%1c%5c%cd%07%2d%f7%a8%2d%1d%bc%5e%2c%06%46%3a%0f%2d%4b%e9%20%1d%29%66%a4%e1%8b%7d%0c%f5%ef%97%b6%ee%48%dd%0e%09%aa%e5%4d%6a%5d%6d%75%77%72%cf%47%16%a2%06%72%71%c9%a1%8f%00%f6%9d%ee%54%27%71%be%c8%c3%8f%93%e3%52%73%73%53%a0%5f%69%ef%c3%3b%ea%ee%70%71%ae%2a%21%c8%44%d7%22%87%9f%be%79%6d%c4%61%a4%08%57%02%82%2a%ef%36%95%da%ee%13%bc%fb%7e%a3%59%45%ef%25%67%3c%e0%27%69%2b%95%77%b8%cd%dc%4f%de%73%24%e8%ab%66%74%d2%8c%68%06%80%0c%dd%74%ae%31%05%d1%15%7d%c4%5e%bc%0b%0f%21%23%a4%96%7c%17%12%d1%2b%b3%10%b7%37%60%68%d7%cb%35%5a%54%97%08%0d%54%78%49%d0%93%c3%b3%fd%1f%0b%35%11%9d%96%1d%ba%64%e0%86%ad%ef%52%98%2d%84%12%77%bb%ab%e8%64%da%a3%65%55%5d%d5%76%55%57%46%6c%89%c9%df%b2%3c%85%97%1e%f6%38%66%c9%17%22%e7%ea%c9%f5%d2%e0%14%d8%35%4f%0a%5c%34%d3%73%a5%98%f7%66%72%aa%43%e3%bd%a2%cd%62%fd%69%1d%34%30%57%52%ab%41%b1%91%65%f2%30%7f%cf%c6%a1%8c%fb%dc%c4%8f%61%a5%93%40%1a%13%d1%09%c5%e0%f7%87%5f%48%e7%d7%b3%62%04%a7%c4%cb%fd%f4%ff%cf%3b%74%28%1c%96%8e%09%73%3a%9b%a6%2f%ed%b7%99%d5%b9%05%39%95%ab $s2 = %af%13%76%70%82%a0%a6%58%cb%3e%23%38%c4%c6%db%8b%60%2c%bb%90%68%a0%2d%e9%47%aa%78%49%6e%0a%c0%c0%31%d3%fb%cb%82%25%92%0d%cf%61%67%64%e8%cd%7d%47%ba%0e%5d%1b%9c%1c%5c%cd%07%2d%f7%a8%2d%1d%bc%5e%2c%06%46%3a%0f%2d%4b%e9%20%1d%29%66%a4%e1%8b%7d%0c%f5%ef%97%b6%ee%48%dd%0e%09%aa%e5%4d%6a%5d%6d%75%77%72%cf%47%16%a2%06%72%71%c9%a1%8f%00%f6%9d%ee%54%27%71%be%c8%c3%8f%93%e3%52%73%73%53%a0%5f%69%ef%c3%3b%ea%ee%70%71%ae%2a%21%c8%44%d7%22%87%9f%be%79%6d%c4%61%a4%08%57%02%82%2a%ef%36%95%da%ee%13%bc%fb%7e%a3%59%45%ef%25%67%3c%e0%27%69%2b%95%77%b8%cd%dc%4f%de%73%24%e8%ab%66%74%d2%8c%68%06%80%0c%dd%74%ae%31%05%d1%15%7d%c4%5e%bc%0b%0f%21%23%a4%96%7c%17%12%d1%2b%b3%10%b7%37%60%68%d7%cb%35%5a%54%97%08%0d%54%78%49%d0%93%c3%b3%fd%1f%0b%35%11%9d%96%1d%ba%64%e0%86%ad%ef%52%98%2d%84%12%77%bb%ab%e8%64%da%a3%65%55%5d%d5%76%55%57%46%6c%89%c9%5f%b2%3c%85%97%1e%f6%38%66%c9%17%22%e7%ea%c9%f5%d2%e0%14%d8%35%4f%0a%5c%34%d3%f3%a5%98%f7%66%72%aa%43%e3%bd%a2%cd%62%fd%e9%1d%34%30%57%52%ab%41%b1%91%65%f2%30%7f%cf%c6%a1%8c%fb%dc%c4%8f%61%a5%13%40%1a%13%d1%09%c5%e0%f7%87%5f%48%e7%d7%b3%62%04%a7%c4%cb%fd%f4%ff%cf%3b%74%a8%1b%96%8e%09%73%3a%9b%a6%2f%ed%b7%99%d5%39%05%39%95%ab $s3 = %af%13%76%70%82%a0%a6%58%cb%3e%23%38%c4%c6%db%8b%60%2c%bb%90%68%a0%2d%e9%47%aa%78%49%6e%0a%c0%c0%31%d3%fb%cb%82%25%92%0d%cf%61%67%64%e8%cd%7d%47%ba%0e%5d%1b%9c%1c%5c%cd%07%2d%f7%a8%2d%1d%bc%5e%2c%06%46%3a%0f%2d%4b%e9%20%1d%29%66%a4%e1%8b%7d%0c%f5%ef%97%b6%ee%48%dd%0e%09%aa%e5%4d%6a%5d%6d%75%77%72%cf%47%16%a2%06%72%71%c9%a1%8f%00%f6%9d%ee%54%27%71%be%c8%c3%8f%93%e3%52%73%73%53%a0%5f%69%ef%c3%3b%ea%ee%70%71%ae%2a%21%c8%44%d7%22%87%9f%be%79%ed%c4%61%a4%08%57%02%82%2a%ef%36%95%da%ee%13%bc%fb%7e%a3%59%45%ef%25%67%3c%e0%a7%69%2b%95%77%b8%cd%dc%4f%de%73%24%e8%ab%e6%74%d2%8c%68%06%80%0c%dd%74%ae%31%05%d1%15%7d%c4%5e%bc%0b%0f%21%23%a4%16%7c%17%12%d1%2b%b3%10%b7%37%60%68%d7%cb%35%5a%54%97%08%0d%54%78%49%d0%93%c3%33%fd%1f%0b%35%11%9d%96%1d%ba%64%e0%86%ad%6f%52%98%2d%84%12%77%bb%ab%e8%64%da%a3%65%55%5d%d5%76%55%57%46%6c%89%c9%df%b2%3c%85%97%1e%f6%38%66%c9%17%22%e7%ea%c9%f5%d2%e0%14%d8%35%4f%0a%5c%34%d3%73%a5%98%f7%66%72%aa%43%e3%bd%a2%cd%62%fd%69%1d%34%30%57%52%ab%41%b1%91%65%f2%30%7f%cf%c6%a1%8c%fb%dc%c4%8f%61%a5%93%40%1a%13%d1%09%c5%e0%f7%87%5f%48%e7%d7%b3%62%04%a7%c4%cb%fd%f4%ff%cf%3b%74%28%1c%96%8e%09%73%3a%9b%a6%2f%ed%b7%99%d5%b9%05%39%95%ab --------------------
|
拓:sha1加密的两个相同值
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| array1=%25PDF-1.3%0A%25%E2%E3%CF%D3%0A%0A%0A1%200%20obj%0A%3C%3C/Width%202%200%20R/Height%203%200%20R/Type%204%200%20R/Subtype%205%200%20R/Filter%206%200%20R/ColorSpace%207%200%20R/Length%208%200%20R/BitsPerComponent%208%3E%3E%0Astream%0A%FF%D8%FF%FE%00%24SHA-1%20is%20dead%21%21%21%21%21%85/%EC%09%239u%9C9%B1%A1%C6%3CL%97%E1%FF%FE%01%7FF%DC%93%A6%B6%7E%01%3B%02%9A%AA%1D%B2V%0BE%CAg%D6%88%C7%F8K%8CLy%1F%E0%2B%3D%F6%14%F8m%B1i%09%01%C5kE%C1S%0A%FE%DF%B7%608%E9rr/%E7%ADr%8F%0EI%04%E0F%C20W%0F%E9%D4%13%98%AB%E1.%F5%BC%94%2B%E35B%A4%80-%98%B5%D7%0F%2A3.%C3%7F%AC5%14%E7M%DC%0F%2C%C1%A8t%CD%0Cx0Z%21Vda0%97%89%60k%D0%BF%3F%98%CD%A8%04F%29%A1
array2=%25PDF-1.3%0A%25%E2%E3%CF%D3%0A%0A%0A1%200%20obj%0A%3C%3C/Width%202%200%20R/Height%203%200%20R/Type%204%200%20R/Subtype%205%200%20R/Filter%206%200%20R/ColorSpace%207%200%20R/Length%208%200%20R/BitsPerComponent%208%3E%3E%0Astream%0A%FF%D8%FF%FE%00%24SHA-1%20is%20dead%21%21%21%21%21%85/%EC%09%239u%9C9%B1%A1%C6%3CL%97%E1%FF%FE%01sF%DC%91f%B6%7E%11%8F%02%9A%B6%21%B2V%0F%F9%CAg%CC%A8%C7%F8%5B%A8Ly%03%0C%2B%3D%E2%18%F8m%B3%A9%09%01%D5%DFE%C1O%26%FE%DF%B3%DC8%E9j%C2/%E7%BDr%8F%0EE%BC%E0F%D2%3CW%0F%EB%14%13%98%BBU.%F5%A0%A8%2B%E31%FE%A4%807%B8%B5%D7%1F%0E3.%DF%93%AC5%00%EBM%DC%0D%EC%C1%A8dy%0Cx%2Cv%21V%60%DD0%97%91%D0k%D0%AF%3F%98%CD%A4%BCF%29%B1
|
MD5-SQL注入
题目类似于
1 2 3
| <?php sql="select * from admin where password='".md5($pass,true)."'"; ?>
|
一个ticker:字符串:ffifdyop
的md值为
拼凑到sql语句中变成了
1
| select * from "admin" where password=''or'6�]��!r,��b'
|
由于非空字符串认为真,所有实现了sql注入
参考文章
实战
1.攻防世界-simple_php
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
| <?php show_source(__FILE__); include("config.php"); $a=@$_GET['a']; $b=@$_GET['b']; if($a==0 and $a){ echo $flag1; } if(is_numeric($b)){ exit(); } if($b>1234){ echo $flag2; } ?>
|
此处使用任意开头不含数字的字符串可使a的相关条件通过。
- 第一个条件:由于a是弱比较,此时任意开头不含数字的字符串被当成0进行比价
- 第二个条件:a不为空(非空字符串),则条件为真。如果a 是一个空字符串,条件将为假。
此处使用开头含数字且数字大于1234的字符串可使b的相关条件通过。
- 第一个条件:要求b不能是一个数字或者是全由数字构成的字符串
- 第二个条件:此时进行若比较,开头含数字且数字大于1234的字符串会被作为数字进行比较